Frederic c



(No Model.)

- F. 0. ING'ALLS.

OAR.

No. 439,781. Patentd'Nox rr l, 1890.

Inventor, Y

Witnesses,

Ya: mum: Finns cm, mow-1.1m

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Q FREDERIC C. INGALLSgOF UTIOA, NEXV YORK.

CAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 439,781, dated November 4, 1890.

7' Application filed March 1, 1890. Serial No. 342,319. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERIC G. INeALLs, of Utica, in the county ofOneida and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cars or Coaches Intended to be Used on Railroads and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 shows the side elevation of the body of the car, the frame being in one part covered and in the remaining part uncovered. Fig. 2 shows a section of the frame, being the rib and cross-sections of the bars and floorbeams connecting with it. Fig. 3 shows the ends of the car, being the rib, with the arrangement of bars, posts, and bracing. Fig.

4 shows the method of connecting the longitudinal bars with the rib except the lower pairs, the connection of which is shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 5 shows the lower longitudinal bars, the floor-beams and their connection with the ribs, and the bracing of the floor-beams. Fig. 6 shows the method of connecting the lower longitudinal bars and the floor-beams with the ribs and the method of connecting the braces with the floor-beams. Fig. 7 shows the method of connecting the tubular brace or post Gr with the tubular truss-bar F.

The body of the car is constructed substantially of metal. It consists of a frame composed of steel or other metal, the roof, floor, sides, and ends of which, except the spaces occupied by the windows and doors, are covered on the outside and on'the inside with metallic sheets or plates. The frame consists of the ribs A, which are connected by the bars B, and the floor-beams O. The ribs, which may vary in number, according to the arrangement or according to the length of the car, are each composed of one continuous piece of flatbar steel or other metal, and formed into the shape of a cross-section of the body of the car, as shown in the drawings. The ribs may also each be composed of several pieces or sections of metal riveted or fastened together; but I prefer to construct them each of one continuous piece, in order to avoid riveting or fastening of parts together in forming the rib. Thebars B extend longitudinally in pairs the whole length of the car, as shown in the drawings, Fig. 1, one bar of each pair being on the outside and the other bar being on the inside of the rib. The bars are also composed of fiat bar steel or other metal, and are connected with and fastened to the ribs by means of the small metallic plates D, each having two right angles, as shown in the drawings, Figs. 4 and 6. The plates D are riveted to the ribs and are also riveted tothe bars, as shown. The longitudinal bars B, except the lower inside bars, may. each consist of one continuous piece of metal, or they may each consist of a number of pieces. I

prefer to construct them each'of one continuous piece of metal. The lower inside bars will each consist of pieces, each piece passing from one rib to another between the ribs, as is the arrangement of the floor-beams. The frame at the ends of thecar is arranged and braced as shown in the drawings, Fig. 3. The sides of the frame below the windows are also braced, as shown in the drawings, Fig. 1. The floor-beams G extend between the ribs from one rib to another, and are fastened to the ribs by means of the small metallic plates E, and are braced, as shown in the drawings, Figs. 5 and 6. The metallic plates E, having right angles, as shown, are riveted to the ribs and also to the floor-beams. Sheets of heavy paper are to be placed beneath the metallic covering-of the roof, sides, and ends of the car, outside and inside of the ribs, for the purpose of aidingin preventing overheating of the interior of the car in warm weather and the undue escape of heat in cold weather. The metallic sheets or plates which form the covering of the frame are to be corrugated, when desirable, and are secured to the frame by means of metallic plates having angles, substantially in the same manner in which the bars B are fastened to the ribs A, as described.

The car is to be provided with bolsters and to have truss-rods F, with a turn-buckle under each side. The truss-rods F may be hollow and be connected with and braced by the upright posts G,-which are also hollow. The truss-rods F and the braces or posts G are shown in the drawings, Fig. 1, and the method of connectionof said tubular post-s G and the tubular rod F is shown in Fig. 7.

The connection is made in the following manner: A section of the metal on two opposite sides of the tube composing the post G, near the end which is to connect with the tubular rod F, is cut on two sides along the tube and on one end across, so as to bend up at right angles to the tube, or at such angle as required, forming the lips H, which will project from the tubular post at such a distance from the end as to bring them into close contact with the upper surface of the tubular rod F when the end of the post G is in close contact with the inside surface of the tubular rod F after the post is inserted in the rod. The end of the post G and a portion of the tube of which it is composed next to the end will be left in the same form which they had before the lips were cut and bent, the end of the post G being fitted so that it will be in close contact with the interior surface of the rod F when inserted. An aperture is then made in the upper side of the tubular rod F of the proper shape and size to admit the insertion of the post G. The end of the post Gis then inserted through the aperture into the tubular bar F. The lips H are fitted closely to the outer surface of the upper side of the tubular rod F, and the end of the tubular post G then abuts firmly against the interior surface of the lower side of .the tubular rod F. The lips H are riveted firmly to the rod F by means of the rivets j, which pass entirely through the tubular rod F and through the lips H, but being of smaller size where they pass through the lips H and upper side of the tube composing the rod F, and havingashoulder which abuts against the interior surface of said upper side, so as to fasten the lips H firmly thereto when riveted. The post G may be of solid instead of tubular form, and in that case the lips H will be taken up at the same place from the surface metal of the post, bent and fitted to the upper side of'the tubular rod F, and riveted in the same manner, the end of the post G passing through the aperture in the upper side of the tubular rod F and abutting against the lower side of said tubular rodin the same way.

By means of the device as above described the thrust of the post G against the tubular rod F is received partly upon the upper side and partly upon the under side of the tubular rod F, or equally upon the upper side and under side of the tube.

The platforms at the ends of the car are to be of metal and are riveted or bolted to the floor-beams.

The car is intended to be placed on trucks of the ordinary description. The frame of the car requires comparatively a small amount of labor in construction, and is intended to secure the greatest degree of strength in proportion to the weight of metal used, with simplicity and cheapness of construction. It is also designed in such manner that the walls of the car when finished will be hollow.

By the construction of the longitudinal bars B of flat bar metal and their arrangement in pairs, in connection with the ribs A, as shown, the advantages of a tubular formare secured by the use of fiat bar metal in each pair of the bars separately. The same advantages are also secured in the entire body of the car by the arrangement and combination of the ribs, bars, and the floor-beams C, as described, and a great degree of strength is obtained with simplicity of construction. By this method of construction a hollow wall being formed for the roof, sides, ends, and floor of the car, the temperature of the interior can best be regulated and the undue accumulation or loss of heat prevented. Perfect incombustibility of the car is also secured. The main advantages therefore claimed for this car over any other are, first, the best arrangement of a given weight of metal with simplicity and cheapness of construction to resist the effects of such accidents as a car is exposed to in traveling on a railroad; second, perfect incombustibility; third, by the method of construction described the temperature of the interior of a metallic car can be most perfectly regulated.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination, in a railroad-car, of the ribs A, each formed of fiat bar metal and made substantially into the shape of a crosssection of the car-body, and the longitudinal bars B in pairs on the inside and outside of and secured to the ribs A, as described.

2. The combination, in a car, of the ribs A, each formed of flat bar metal and made substantially into the shape of a cross-section of the car-body, the longitudinal bars B in pairs, extending along and secured to the outside and inside of the ribs A, as described, and the floor-beams 0, extending from rib to rib and secured to the ribs, as described.

3. The combination, in a car, of the continuous ribs A, shaped in the form of a crosssection of the car, the longitudinal bars B in pairs, one member of each pair being on the inside and one on the outside of and both secured to the ribs A in the manner described, and the metallic sheets or plates forming the outside and inside covering of the frame and secured thereto, substantially as described.

4. The combination, in a car, of the ribs A, the longitudinal bars B in pairs, one member of each pair being on the inside and one on the outside of and both secured to the ribs A, as described, the floor-beams 0, extending between and secured to the ribs A, as described, and the metallic sheets or plates forming the outside and inside covering of the frame and secured thereto, substantially as described.

5. In a car, the combination of the ribs A, each rib being composed of one continuous piece of flat bar metal formed into the shape substantially of a cross-section of the car, as

' per surface of the tubular rod F and riveted described, with the longitudinal bars B in pairs, one member of each pair being on the inside and the other on the outside of and both secured to the ribs, as described.

6. In a connection between the tubular post G and the tubular rod F, the lips H, cut from the walls of the tubular post G on opposite sides and bent up at right angles to the tube G, or at such angles as may be required, and when so bent projecting from the tubular post G at such distance from the end thereof as to be fitted in close contact with the upthereto, the end of the post G being inserted into the tubular rod F through an aperture in its upper side and fitting in close contact with the interior surface of the lower side of the tubular rod F, substantially as described.

7, The combination of a tube having an opening in the side thereof, a second tube connecting therewith, having a portion adapted to enter the opening and rest upon the inner surface opposite the opening, the second tube having lips or projections cut from the walls thereof, engaging upon the outside of the first tube, and bolts or rivets passing through the lips and walls of the tube to fasten them together, substantially as described.

8. In a connection between the post G, be-

ing solid, and the tubular rod F, the lips 1-1,

out from the surface of the post G on opposite sides and bent at right angles to the post G, or at such angles as may be required, and when so bent projecting from the post G at such distance from the end thereof as to be fitted in close contact with the upper surface of the tubular rod F and riveted thereto, the end of the post G being inserted into the tubular rodF through an aperture in its upper side and fitting in close contact with the interior surface of the lower side of the tubular rod F, substantially as described.

9. The combination of a tube having an opening in the side thereof, a solid post or rod connecting therewith, having a portion adapted to enter the opening and rest upon the inner surface opposite the opening, the post or rod having lips or projections cut from the surface thereof, engaging upon the outside of the tube, and bolts or rivets passing through the lips and walls of the tube to securely fasten them together, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have affixed my signature hereto in presence of two Witnesses.

FBEDERIO O.- INGALLS. Witnesses:

ANDREW D. CHASE, HENRY S. INGALLS. 

